Pronouns
Here, I will tell you all the pronouns.
For each pronoun, I will give several examples of the pronoun used in a sentence.
I also use some extra vocab.
Try to figure out what each of the words mean from context, it's good practice!
All of the pronouns are gender-neutral, so you don't have to argue about anything.
Singular pronouns
Singular means that there is just one person, e.g. Me, it, you, she.
Sa - I, Me.
Sa tau. - I'm eating.
Sa om tau. - I'm eating a rock.
Sa karan tau. - I'm eating food.
Sa om šai. - I want a rock.
Sa karan šai. - I want food.
Sa irau. - I'm sleeping.
Sa sana. - I'm good.
Ja - You.
Ja karan tau. - You're eating food.
Ja om tau. - You're eating a rock.
Ja om i tau. - You're not eating a rock.
Ja karan šai. - You want food.
Ja karan i šai. - You don't want food.
Ja irau. - You are sleeping.
Ja sana. - You are good.
Seðe - He, She & Seð - It.
Sa seð tau. - I am eating it.
Ja seð i tau. - You are not eating it.
Kowo seð tau. - The dragon is eating it.
Kowo seð šai. - The dragon wants it.
Ja seð i šai. - You don't want it.
Seðe karan tau. - S/he is eating food.
Seðe irau. - S/he is sleeping.
Seðe i irau. - S/he is not sleeping.
From these examples, you may have figured out some of the vocab.
Tau - to eat
Šai - to want
Sana - to be good/well
Irau - to sleep
Kowo - Dragon
Karan - Food
Om - Rock
Plural Pronouns
Plural means that it refers to more than one person, e.g. We, you all, they.
Man - You all, Y'all
Man irau. - You all are sleeping.
Man sana. - You all are well.
Kowo man anoð. - The dragon has you all.
Manry karan tau. - You all are eating food.
Manry karan i tau. - You all are eating rocks.
You might have noticed something weird about the last two examples.
The word "Man" has a suffix "-ry" on it! I will talk about this later in the lesson called "Noun cases". (it's not as complicated as it sounds I promise)
Seðen - They, Them
-en is the plural marker, like -s in English.
(om > rock, omen > rocks)
(seðe > she/he, seðen > them)
Seðenry omen tau. - They are eating rocks.
Seðenry omen i tau. - They are not eating rocks.
Seðenry omen anoð. - They have rocks.
Seðenry omen i anoð. - They do not have rocks.
Seðen irau. - They are sleeping.
Seðen i irau. - They are not sleeping.
We
There are two words for "we", because in English, the word "we" can mean two different things.
An Inclusive "we" includes the listener.
If I win a game, and say to my teammate "We won!", the "we" includes the person I'm talking to, the teammate.
An Exclusive "we" does not include the listener.
If I win a game, and I say to someone later "We won!", the "we" does not include the lister, they aren't on the team.
Il - Inclusive We, Us
Il sana. - We are good.
Il i sana. - We are not good.
Ilry omen šai. - We want rocks.
Ilry karan anoð. - We have food.
In - Exclusive We, Us
In sana. - We are good
In i sana. - We are not good.
Inry omen tau. - We are eating rocks.
Inry omen i tau. - We are not eating rocks.
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From these examples, you might have also figured out that you can say "not" or "don't" by saying "i".
The fancy word for this is "negation" (think of the word "negative").
Here is a shortened list of all the vocab from this lesson, for future reference:
-en - Plural (more than one) i - Not (negation) Sa - I Ja - You Seðe - He, She Seð - It Il - Inclusive We In - Exclusive We Man - You all, Y'all Seðen - They Tau - to eat Šai - to want Anoð - to have Sana - to be good/well Irau - to sleep Kowo - Dragon Karan - Food Om - Rock